How Limited Liability Companies Are Taxed

Dec 19, 2023 By Susan Kelly

Because it provides some of the advantages of a corporation and a partnership, a limited liability company (LLC) is an appealing business form, particularly for smaller enterprises. The owners of an LLC also called members, have the same protection from personal responsibility as shareholders of a corporation. This implies that the owners' assets will not be in danger if the company declares bankruptcy or is sued. Depending on the kind of limited liability company (LLC) and the number of members, the Internal Revenue Service will evaluate a company differently:

Single-member LLC

These companies are regarded fiscally in the same manner as sole proprietorships, even though they only have a single shareholder. According to the Internal Revenue Service, there is no distinction between the money earned by the firm and the income earned by the owner; this kind of business is referred to as a disregarded entity.

Multi-member LLC

These are taxed as partnerships while being classified as limited liability companies with more than one owner. It is not the responsibility of the partnership (or the LLC) to make direct payments of corporation taxes to the IRS. Instead, each member is responsible for paying taxes depending on the proportion of ownership that they have.

Corporate LLC

By providing information to the Internal Revenue Service, these limited liability companies choose to be taxed as either a corporation or an S corporation.

Your LLC Structure Determines How You Pay Yourself

Even if you consider yourself a reliable employee of your company, paying oneself as the firm's owner is not as straightforward as obtaining a W-2 form. Instead, how partners get their share of profits is contingent upon the operations of the LLC.

Single-Member LLC

Regarding taxes, single-member limited liability companies (LLCs) work similarly to sole proprietorships. Sole proprietorships and partnerships are categorized as "pass-through" firms because the revenue taxed by the partnership is "passed through" to the owner's tax return. Because the owner and the company entity are not treated as two distinct entities in this scenario, it may be said that they are the same person. Therefore, owners of single-entity limited liability companies (LLCs) or sole proprietorships can pay themselves via a process known as an owner draw.

Multi-Member LLC

Pass-through entities include multi-member limited liability companies as well. Taxes on the company's profits are taxed among partners in proportion to their respective ownership stakes in the enterprise. Some partners are eligible to receive owner draws, which may be considered prepayments for a distribution of profits at the end of the year or quarter. In contrast, other partners would rather have a more consistent income than a salary. These payments are referred to as guaranteed payments, and they are provided without regard to the partnership's revenue.

Guaranteed payments, in contrast to owner withdrawals, are regarded as legitimate business expenditures and affect a company's net profits. When it comes to paying themselves, members of some partnerships may get owner draws, guaranteed payments, or a mix of the two types of payments.

Corporate LLC

LLCs chosen as C corporations or S companies are a little more sophisticated and somewhat less prevalent, particularly among enterprises on the lower end of the market. However, due to the nature of these tax categories, the owners of the company are required to be classified as workers rather than being eligible to get owner draws.

These owner-employees are required to get fair remuneration and have their payments processed via a payroll system that deducts the appropriate amount of federal employment taxes, just as any other employee would be required to do. Following the payment of that wage, owner-employees are eligible to receive distributions and dividends from the firm's annual earnings, which are treated as taxable income.

Instructions for Paying Yourself

To keep money invested in the firm and foster its expansion, new business owners often pay themselves inadequate wages. Even though this is an admirable goal and a tactic that might prove to be beneficial, it is essential to keep in mind that each partner is subject to taxation on their share of the business's revenue, regardless of whether or not they take their entire share of the profits each year. As the owner of a firm, you must keep in mind to pay yourself, even if this may seem to be stating the obvious.

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